Si - Silicon

Silicon is the quintesential metalloid. Pure silicon is used for electronic devices, but the oxide and silicate minerals comprise more than a quarter of the earth's crust. Jöns Berzelius isolated silicon in 1823 in Stockholm by potassium fusion of quartz.

Atomic number - 14 Density g/mL 2 .33
Atomic weight u 28 .0855 Melting point K 1685
Bonding radius A 1 .11 Boiling point K 3540
Atomic radius A 1 .46 Heat of vaporization kJ/mol 384 .22
Ionization Potential V 8 .151 Heat of fusion kJ/mol 50 .55
Electronegativity - 1 .9 Specific heat J/gK 0 .71
The oxide is amphoteric.
Crystal are face centered cubic.

Electron config. : [Ne] 3s2 3p2

Isotopes of Si: Click mass number for decay process, product for element page.

 
022
6 msec
EC/ECp,13.980
Al-22/Mg-21
22.034525 		024
102 msec
EC/ECp,10.810
Al-24/Mg-23
24.011545 		025
220 msec
EC/ECp,12.741
Al-25/Mg-24
25.004106 		026
2.234 sec
EC,5.066 MeV
Al-26
25.992329 		027
4.16 sec
EC,4.812 MeV
Al-27
26.986704 		028 92.23%

Stable

27.976926 		029 4.67%

Stable

28.976494
030 3.10%

Stable

29.973770 		031
157.3 min
B-,1.492 MeV
P-31
30.975363 		032
172 yr
B-,13.020 MeV
P-32
31.974148 		033
6.18 sec
B-,5.845 MeV
P-33
32.978000 		034
2.77 sec
B-,4.601 MeV
P-34
33.978575 		035
0.78 sec
B-,10.500 MeV
P-35
34.984583 		036
0.45 sec
B-/B-n,7.850
P-36/P-35
35.986688
037
1 usec
B-n,5.660 MeV
P-36
36.993000 		MASS abund.
Halflife
Particle, Energy
Decay Product(s)
Isotopic Mass